All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard

Preface: Core Positioning of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in Modern Laboratory Safety Systems

In the construction and functional layout of modern industrial R&D laboratories, university scientific research platforms, pharmaceutical pilot production workshops, environmental monitoring testing centers and new energy material development laboratories, safety isolation equipment that can accommodate large-scale experimental devices and allow operators to fully enter the operation space has always been a rigid demand that cannot be replaced by ordinary desktop fume hoods. The All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is the core safety equipment developed specifically for this kind of large-space high-hazard experimental scenario, and it has become the standard supporting facility for medium and large chemical synthesis, high-volume sample pretreatment, large reactor operation and high-risk gas collection experiments in global laboratories due to its all-steel integrated bearing structure, ultra-large internal operation space, constant air volume safety control system and multi-dimensional anti-corrosion and explosion-proof design. The All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard shown in the product picture adopts the classic split blue top cover + off-white main cabinet integrated molding design, matched with full-height transparent tempered glass observation window, built-in multi-layer adjustable support partition and side-mounted intelligent digital control panel, which perfectly integrates mechanical structure stability, laboratory safety operation logic and humanized operation experience. Compared with small desktop fume cupboards, PP walk-in fume cupboards and stainless steel walk-in fume cabinets on the market, this All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard has comprehensive advantages in structural load-bearing, long-term service life, cost control, fire and impact resistance, and post-maintenance convenience. This article will conduct an all-round, multi-angle detailed interpretation of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard from raw material manufacturing process, internal and external structural design details, every independent functional advantage, full-industry application scene disassembly, horizontal comparison with other material walk-in fume equipment, intelligent control system value, post-installation maintenance cycle and long-term laboratory economic benefits, and repeatedly focus on the core product noun All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in the full text to ensure that buyers, laboratory engineers, laboratory construction contractors and laboratory safety managers can fully grasp the core competitiveness and application value of this equipment.

Chapter 1 Raw Material Manufacturing Process of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, The Fundamental Guarantee of Durable Performance

The core competitive advantage of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard fundamentally comes from the high-standard raw material selection and multi-layer anti-rust anti-corrosion treatment process of the whole steel structure, which is also the essential difference between this equipment and plastic PP walk-in fume cupboard, thin aluminum alloy experimental ventilation equipment and partial steel mixed material walk-in fume cabinet. All metal components of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard adopt 1.2mm thick national standard high-quality cold-rolled steel plate as the base material, instead of the thin 0.8mm-1.0mm thin steel plate used by low-cost miscellaneous brands on the market. The thickness difference of the steel plate directly determines the overall rigidity, anti-deformation ability and long-term load-bearing limit of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, which will be explained in detail in the subsequent structural advantage chapter.

Before the formal bending and welding forming of all steel plates of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, the factory will implement seven strict pretreatment processes in sequence: high-pressure hot water degreasing, alkali liquid oil removal, tap water primary cleaning, acid pickling rust removal, surface phosphating film formation, pure water secondary cleaning and air drying without water marks. Each process link has standardized time and temperature control parameters, among which the phosphating film formed on the surface of the steel plate after the phosphating process can form a nano-level isolation layer between the steel substrate and the subsequent epoxy resin powder coating, which fundamentally solves the hidden danger of coating peeling, bubbling and rust penetration caused by chemical gas corrosion in the laboratory environment. After the seven pretreatment processes are completed, all components of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard enter the full-automatic electrostatic powder spraying workshop, using high-density epoxy resin anti-acid and alkali powder imported from Germany for high-voltage electrostatic spraying, the spraying film thickness is controlled at 100μm-120μm uniformly, far exceeding the 60μm thin spraying standard of low-cost competitive products. The epoxy resin coating of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard has super comprehensive resistance to daily laboratory chemical reagents, including dilute sulfuric acid, dilute hydrochloric acid, acetic acid, acetone, ethanol, formaldehyde solution, potassium permanganate oxidizing solution and common salt buffer solution for testing. After continuous 72-hour acid and alkali soaking test, there is no discoloration, foaming or falling off on the coating surface, and it can resist the long-term erosion of volatile chemical mist generated in daily experiments for more than 10 years.

The top air hood part of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in the picture adopts independent blue color spraying, while the main cabinet frame, side plates, internal support frames and external door frame components are unified off-white epoxy spraying. The two-color separated design not only optimizes the visual hierarchy of the laboratory space, but also facilitates the daily inspection of equipment damage by laboratory administrators: once the blue top cover or white main cabinet coating has slight corrosion scratches caused by chemical splashes, the administrator can quickly find the damage location at a glance for timely maintenance and repair, avoiding small-area corrosion expanding to damage the overall structure of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. All welding parts of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard adopt full seamless argon arc welding process, instead of spot welding used by low-cost products. After welding, the workers polish all welding seams smoothly without welding bumps and gaps, so that the epoxy coating can completely wrap the welding contact surface, eliminating the hidden danger of rust at the welding gap of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard after long-term use in humid laboratory environment.

In terms of auxiliary metal accessories of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, all hinges, fixing bolts, side locking buckles and internal partition support fasteners use 304 stainless steel finished parts, which do not rust or stick after long-term contact with humid chemical gas, and will not have the phenomenon of plastic hinge aging and brittle fracture of PP walk-in fume cupboard accessories. The internal three-layer adjustable support partition of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard also adopts the same cold-rolled steel plate as the main cabinet, after the same full set of anti-corrosion spraying treatment, the single partition can bear a uniform load of 250kg, which can stably place large laboratory reactors, constant temperature reaction tanks, large-scale chromatographic separation equipment and high-volume sample digestion devices, which cannot be achieved by the light PP plastic partition of PP walk-in fume cupboard. The transparent observation window of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is customized with 5mm thick fully tempered explosion-proof glass, which has passed the national laboratory anti-impact safety test; when hard experimental tools accidentally collide during the operation of the staff, the glass will only form small granular fragments without sharp sharp edges, effectively avoiding secondary injury to experimental operators caused by glass fragmentation, which is an indispensable safety configuration for the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard to cope with high-risk experimental operations.

Chapter 2 Detailed Disassembly of Each Structural Advantage of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, In-Depth Interpretation of Design Logic Behind Each Component

Every structural part of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard has targeted functional design logic for laboratory safety, operation convenience and long-term stability. This chapter will split each independent component of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard shown in the picture one by one, elaborate the detailed advantages of each structure from the perspective of actual laboratory operation scenarios, and compare the structural defects of competing products of different materials at the same time to highlight the exclusive structural value of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard.

2.1 Ultra-Large Integrated Walk-In Internal Space, The Core Unique Advantage That Small Desktop Fume Hoods Cannot Match

The most fundamental design essence of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard lies in its full-height walk-in internal operation space, which is the core functional attribute that distinguishes it from all desktop single-person operation fume hoods on the market. The internal vertical height of the standard size All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can reach 2000mm, the internal horizontal width ranges from 1200mm to 2400mm according to customized specifications, and the front and rear depth can be adjusted between 800mm and 1200mm. The fully open front transparent window design allows experimental personnel to directly walk into the internal closed operation space of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard to complete all experimental operations, instead of only extending their arms through a narrow operation window outside the cabinet like desktop fume hoods. This structural advantage brings a series of irreplaceable practical values for medium and large volume experimental work.

First of all, the ultra-large internal space of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can accommodate oversized experimental equipment that desktop fume hoods cannot hold at all. In pharmaceutical intermediate pilot synthesis experiments, the laboratory often needs to place 50L-200L jacketed glass reaction kettles, supporting constant temperature water circulation machines, feeding peristaltic pumps and tail gas absorption devices at the same time; the desktop fume hood has an internal height of only 800mm-1000mm, and even the smallest 50L reaction kettle cannot be placed stably, while the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can arrange the complete set of reaction equipment in layers through the built-in multi-layer steel support partitions, realizing the whole-process closed operation of feeding, heating reaction, sampling detection and tail gas treatment inside the cabinet, all harmful gas generated in the whole reaction process is completely limited in the negative pressure closed space of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, and will not diffuse into the general laboratory space to cause air pollution and personnel toxic exposure risks. In the new energy battery electrolyte research laboratory, researchers need to carry out high-capacity lithium salt dissolution and fluorine-containing acid mixing experiments, the reaction containers used are large-volume PTFE lining stirring tanks, and the supporting gas delivery pipeline components occupy a large horizontal space; the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard reserves sufficient horizontal operation space on the basis of vertical height, and the staff can walk freely inside to adjust the pipeline valves and stirring speed of the reaction tank without being limited by the narrow window space of small fume hoods, greatly improving the operation accuracy of high-risk fluorine-containing reagent experiments and reducing the operation error rate caused by space constraints.

Secondly, the walk-in space design of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard completely solves the safety hidden danger of cross-contamination and gas escape when operating large equipment outside the cabinet with desktop fume hoods. Many laboratories will temporarily place oversized reaction devices next to desktop fume hoods, only extend the exhaust pipe of the reaction device into the fume hood window for simple exhaust; this temporary operation mode cannot form a full negative pressure isolation environment, and a large amount of volatile toxic gas will escape from the gap between the reaction device and the fume hood window, which will be inhaled by the surrounding experimental personnel for a long time, leading to chronic chemical poisoning such as respiratory tract damage and liver and kidney damage. The All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard forms a fully enclosed negative pressure operation cabin after the front glass window is closed, all experimental operations are completed in the negative pressure cabin, the air pressure inside the cabinet is always lower than the atmospheric pressure of the external laboratory, so the toxic gas generated by the experiment can only flow to the exhaust air duct at the top of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, and there is zero possibility of escaping to the external laboratory environment, which fundamentally guarantees the long-term occupational health of all laboratory staff.

In the horizontal comparison with PP walk-in fume cupboard of the same walk-in space, the all-steel bearing structure of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard has an absolute advantage in space stability. The PP walk-in fume cupboard is made of polypropylene plastic plate integrated welding, the plastic plate itself has creep deformation characteristics under long-term heavy load; after placing large reaction equipment for more than one year, the internal support partition and the bottom bearing plate of PP walk-in fume cupboard will sink and deform, and the cabinet body will tilt slightly, which not only affects the stable placement of experimental equipment, but also disturbs the internal air flow field balance of the walk-in fume equipment, leading to local gas accumulation in the cabinet and reducing the exhaust safety performance. However, the steel plate main frame of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard has no plastic creep problem at all, the bearing structure can maintain stable flatness for more than 15 years under the full load state, the internal air flow field design parameters of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard will not change due to structural deformation, and the long-term safety exhaust performance is always kept within the national laboratory safety standard range.

2.2 Full All-Steel Integrated Load-Bearing Frame Structure, Ultra-Strong Anti-Deformation and Impact Resistance Performance

The whole frame of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard adopts a fully enclosed square tube steel frame built-in structure, the main force-bearing square tube is 40*40mm thick-walled galvanized square tube, all around the cabinet body, bottom bearing layer and top air hood are connected into an integrated force-bearing system through full welding, which is the core structural support of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard to realize super load-bearing performance. The bottom bearing plate of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is composed of double-layer 1.2mm cold-rolled steel plate plus intermediate square tube support net, the uniform bearing capacity of the bottom plate per square meter reaches 800kg, which can stably place dozens of large experimental instruments and reaction devices at the same time, and there will be no bending deformation of the bottom plate when moving heavy equipment inside the cabinet with a small cart, which is completely beyond the bearing limit of PP walk-in fume cupboard and thin aluminum alloy walk-in ventilation cabinet.

The anti-impact performance advantage of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is extremely prominent in daily laboratory accident prevention. In the process of experimental operation, it is inevitable that metal experimental tools, heavy glass reactors and stainless steel sample tanks will accidentally collide with the cabinet wall; the epoxy coated steel plate cabinet wall of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can resist the impact of heavy objects without denting and penetrating, and only a small scratch will appear on the coating surface at most, which can be repaired by supplementary spraying in the later stage without affecting the overall structural strength of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. In contrast, the PP plastic plate cabinet wall of PP walk-in fume cupboard will form permanent concave deformation after being hit by heavy experimental tools, and even crack and leak; once the cabinet wall cracks, the negative pressure closed environment inside the walk-in equipment will be completely destroyed, and the equipment can only be replaced as a whole without maintenance value, which greatly increases the long-term laboratory equipment replacement cost. The thin stainless steel walk-in fume cabinet on the market mostly uses 0.8mm thin stainless steel plate as the cabinet wall, which is easy to form irreversible pits after impact, and the stainless steel surface will leave permanent metal scratch marks that cannot be eliminated, affecting the cleanliness and appearance of the laboratory for a long time.

The anti-deformation performance of the all-steel frame of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard also solves the hidden danger of cabinet body expansion and contraction deformation caused by temperature changes in the laboratory. The laboratory environment often has large temperature differences: the heating reaction experiment inside the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard will make the internal temperature rise to 60℃-80℃, while the air conditioning temperature of the external laboratory is controlled at 25℃; the plastic PP material of PP walk-in fume cupboard has a high thermal expansion coefficient, and the cabinet body will expand and contract repeatedly under the alternating temperature difference between inside and outside, resulting in cracking of the welding seam of the plastic plate after 2-3 years of use, and a large number of gas leakage gaps appear at the joint of the cabinet plate. The cold-rolled steel plate of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard has an extremely low thermal expansion coefficient, and the integrated square tube frame restricts the micro-expansion and contraction of each steel plate component, so the joint gap between all steel plates of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard will not change with the temperature change inside and outside the cabinet, the overall sealing performance remains stable for a long time, and the negative pressure isolation safety standard will not be reduced due to temperature deformation.

2.3 Three-Stage Split Air Guide Plate System of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, Uniform Air Flow Field to Eliminate Dead Angle of Harmful Gas Accumulation

The internal air flow field design is the core functional standard to judge the exhaust safety performance of walk-in fume equipment, and the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is equipped with a full all-steel three-stage detachable air guide plate system independently developed by the factory, which is one of the core technical advantages that distinguish this All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard from low-cost walk-in fume products with single air guide plate. The three-stage air guide plate of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is also made of 1.2mm cold-rolled steel plate with full anti-corrosion epoxy spraying, which is divided into upper, middle and lower independent air guide modules, and each module is reserved with different sizes of uniform air outlet slits according to the fluid mechanics simulation data of large walk-in space.

From the perspective of fluid mechanics operation logic, the bottom air guide plate of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard corresponds to the low-position operation area of the internal cabinet, which can quickly collect the heavy harmful gas with high density generated by the reaction at the bottom of the cabinet, such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, fluorine-containing acid mist and other heavy molecular gas that are easy to sink to the bottom of the cabinet; the middle air guide plate corresponds to the middle partition operation layer of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, aiming at the volatile gas generated by the medium-height reaction device placed on the multi-layer support partition; the upper air guide plate corresponds to the top high-position reaction equipment and the rising light gas such as ethanol vapor and formaldehyde gas, forming a three-dimensional full-space air capture network from bottom to top inside the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. All the harmful gas generated at any height position inside the cabinet can be quickly captured by the nearest air guide slit, and uniformly converge to the top exhaust air duct of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, completely eliminating the dead angle of gas accumulation that is easy to appear in single air guide plate walk-in fume equipment.

In the horizontal comparison test of air flow field, the walk-in fume cupboard with single air guide plate on the market will form a large-area static gas dead zone in the middle and bottom area of the cabinet after the fan runs at standard air volume; when the experiment releases toxic gas in this dead zone, the gas cannot be quickly discharged, and will stay in the cabinet for a long time, and once the staff opens the glass window to enter the operation, a large amount of accumulated toxic gas will rush out of the cabinet, causing acute toxic inhalation risk. However, after the wind tunnel test of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard equipped with three-stage split air guide plate, the internal air flow speed of all positions in the cabinet is maintained at 0.5±0.1m/s, which fully meets the international SEFA laboratory fume hood safety air surface velocity standard, there is no static gas dead zone in the whole internal space of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, and the toxic gas can be completely discharged within 3 seconds after being generated, without any accumulation hidden danger.

In addition, the three-stage air guide plate of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard adopts a fully detachable buckle installation design without fixed welding, and laboratory maintenance personnel can directly take down each air guide plate module from the internal cabinet without disassembling the whole cabinet body when cleaning the chemical dirt accumulated on the air guide slit for a long time. The disassembly and cleaning operation can be completed by one person within 10 minutes, which greatly reduces the difficulty of daily maintenance of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. The air guide plate of PP walk-in fume cupboard is mostly welded and fixed, and the plastic plate is brittle; forced disassembly will lead to plastic cracking and damage, so the user can only use a long brush to clean the air guide slit gap, which cannot completely remove the chemical dirt accumulated inside the air guide plate, and the dirt will block the air outlet slit after long-term accumulation, destroy the air flow field balance of PP walk-in fume cupboard, and reduce the exhaust efficiency year by year. The all-steel air guide plate of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can be repeatedly disassembled and cleaned for more than hundreds of times without deformation and damage, and the air flow performance of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can always maintain the factory design standard after long-term use.

2.4 Side-Mounted Intelligent Digital Control Panel of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, Real-Time Monitoring of Multiple Safety Parameters to Prevent Malfunction Risks

The All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in the picture is equipped with an integrated intelligent digital control panel on the right side of the front cabinet frame, which is embedded in the all-steel cabinet wall instead of the external loose plastic control box of low-cost products, and the embedded design avoids the collision damage of the control box when the staff walks into the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard for operation. The control panel integrates multiple real-time monitoring and control modules of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, including cabinet internal surface wind speed digital display, fan start-stop adjustment key, internal LED explosion-proof lighting switch, multi-group reserved power socket control switch, over-limit wind speed sound and light alarm module, cabinet door window height induction sensor and leakage protection automatic power-off module, each functional module forms a multi-dimensional safety interlock system for the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, and each monitoring function has targeted safety protection value for laboratory high-risk experiments.

The real-time surface wind speed digital display module is the core safety monitoring function of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. The built-in high-precision wind speed sensor inside the cabinet continuously transmits the air flow speed data of the operation window to the digital screen of the control panel, and the staff can intuitively check whether the negative pressure exhaust of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard reaches the safety standard at any time during the experiment. When the exhaust fan fails, the air duct is blocked or the glass window is opened beyond the safe height, the internal wind speed of the cabinet will drop below 0.4m/s, the sound and light alarm module of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard will immediately send continuous buzzing alarm sound and red flashing warning light, reminding the staff to stop the experimental operation immediately and check the fault source of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, effectively avoiding the safety accident of toxic gas escape caused by insufficient exhaust wind speed. Most low-cost walk-in fume equipment on the market only has a simple fan switch without real-time wind speed monitoring function; the staff cannot know whether the exhaust system is in a safe working state, and can only find the gas escape hidden danger after smelling the chemical odor, at this time the toxic gas has diffused into the laboratory space, causing irreversible damage to the respiratory system of the staff.

The explosion-proof LED lighting control module of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard adopts fully sealed explosion-proof lamp beads, which are isolated from the internal experimental gas space by a transparent explosion-proof lampshade, and can be safely used in the experimental environment with flammable and volatile solvents such as ethanol, methanol, acetone and petroleum ether inside the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, without the hidden danger of electric spark ignition caused by the lighting circuit. The lighting brightness is divided into two adjustable gears of high and low brightness, which can be switched according to the light demand of the experiment; when carrying out precise sampling and microscopic observation experiments inside the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, turn on the high-brightness mode to ensure clear observation of sample details; when only placing equipment without operation at night, turn on the low-brightness energy-saving mode to reduce the power consumption of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. The lighting power supply circuit of the control panel of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is equipped with an independent leakage protection switch; once the internal circuit of the lamp has aging leakage, the power supply will be automatically cut off within 0.1 seconds to prevent electric shock accidents of the staff walking in the cabinet.

The multi-group reserved power socket control switch of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is specially designed for the power supply demand of large experimental equipment inside the cabinet, and the control panel can independently cut off the power supply of all internal sockets with one key when the experiment is finished, avoiding the hidden danger of short circuit and fire caused by the long-term standby of experimental equipment inside the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. All internal sockets of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard are explosion-proof corrosion-resistant sockets with rubber sealing rings, which can prevent volatile chemical gas from entering the socket gap to corrode the metal contact pieces of the socket, and the service life of the socket is more than three times that of ordinary plastic sockets. The window height induction interlock function of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is linked with the fan operating power; when the transparent glass window is raised to the maximum safe height limit set by the system, the control panel will automatically reduce the fan operating frequency to increase the exhaust air volume, ensure that the surface wind speed of the operation window of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is still maintained within the safety standard range, and automatically send out a light reminder to inform the staff to lower the window to the standard operation height after the experiment is completed, reducing the unnecessary power consumption of long-term high air volume operation of the fan of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard.

2.5 Blue Integrated Top Air Hood of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, Multi-Layer Noise Reduction and Uniform Air Duct Design to Reduce Laboratory Noise Pollution

The independent blue top air hood at the top of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is an integrated all-steel welded structure, which is separated from the main cabinet body by a sealed rubber isolation strip, and the internal space of the air hood is a multi-layer split air equalizing duct structure independently optimized for large walk-in space. The top of the air hood reserves a standard circular air outlet interface connected to the external exhaust fan air duct, and the internal multi-layer air equalizing plates can evenly distribute the negative pressure generated by the external fan to every corner of the internal cabinet of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, avoiding the problem of uneven suction force in different areas of the cabinet caused by the single straight air duct of low-cost walk-in fume equipment. If the walk-in fume equipment adopts a single straight air duct design, the area close to the air outlet has strong suction, while the bottom far away from the air outlet has almost no negative pressure suction force, resulting in the accumulation of heavy toxic gas at the bottom of the cabinet; the multi-layer air equalizing duct inside the blue top air hood of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard balances the negative pressure suction of the whole cabinet space, so that the suction force of the top, middle and bottom positions inside the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard tends to be consistent, and the overall exhaust efficiency is increased by more than 40% compared with the single air duct structure.

The interior of the blue top air hood of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is pasted with 20mm thick flame-retardant sound-absorbing cotton on all steel plate walls, forming a multi-layer noise reduction structure of sound absorption + air equalization. When the external exhaust fan runs at full power, the air flow friction noise generated in the air duct will be absorbed by the sound-absorbing cotton inside the top air hood of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, and the noise value transmitted to the laboratory space can be controlled below 55 decibels, which meets the national standard of laboratory environmental noise less than 60 decibels. The walk-in fume equipment without built-in sound-absorbing cotton in the top air hood will generate more than 70 decibels of continuous running noise when the fan is fully opened; long-term high-noise laboratory environment will cause hearing fatigue, inattention of experimental personnel, and increase the error probability of precise experimental operation, and the staff will have tinnitus and irritability after working for a long time. The integrated all-steel structure of the blue top air hood of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard also reserves independent maintenance access panels on both sides, and maintenance workers can open the side access panels to clean the chemical dirt accumulated in the air equalizing duct without removing the whole air hood from the top of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, greatly reducing the difficulty of regular air duct maintenance of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard.

The blue epoxy coating of the top air hood of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard adopts a higher density anti-volatile solvent coating formula than the main cabinet white coating, aiming at the high-concentration chemical gas that first converges to the top air hood during the exhaust process; the high-density coating can resist the long-term erosion of high-concentration organic solvent vapor, delay the aging speed of the top air hood coating, and extend the overall service life of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. The color separation design of blue top and white main cabinet also helps the laboratory ventilation maintenance team to quickly identify the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard equipment in the complex laboratory pipeline layout, and quickly locate the air duct fault equipment when the central exhaust system fails, improving the maintenance efficiency of the laboratory ventilation system.

Chapter 3 Full-Scene Application Analysis of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, Disassemble The Unique Matching Value of Equipment in Different Industry Laboratories

The functional design advantages of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard determine that it has irreplaceable application value in multiple laboratory industries involving large-volume high-hazard chemical experiments. This chapter will elaborate the specific application mode, experimental operation content and safety value of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in pharmaceutical pilot laboratories, university synthetic chemistry teaching and research platforms, new energy battery material R&D laboratories, environmental monitoring and water quality pretreatment laboratories, food safety testing laboratories, hospital clinical pathology laboratories and industrial chemical R&D workshops one by one, and explain why All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard must be selected instead of small desktop fume hoods or other material walk-in fume equipment in these scenarios.

3.1 Application of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in Pharmaceutical Intermediate Pilot Synthesis Laboratories

Pharmaceutical chemical synthesis laboratories are the most widely used scenario of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard at present, especially the pilot production workshop of pharmaceutical intermediates and API raw material synthesis workshop of pharmaceutical enterprises. The laboratory needs to carry out gram-level to kilogram-level amplified synthesis experiments of drug intermediates, and the reaction equipment used is large-volume jacketed glass reaction kettles with a volume of 50L-500L, matched with feeding peristaltic pumps, constant temperature circulating cooling machines, tail gas absorption tanks and vacuum distillation devices. The whole set of reaction equipment cannot be placed in the limited internal space of desktop fume hoods, so it must rely on the ultra-large walk-in internal space of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard to complete the whole closed reaction process.

In the synthesis of antibiotic intermediates, the reaction process will use high-concentration hydrochloric acid, liquid ammonia, chloroform, methylene chloride and other highly toxic, volatile and corrosive chemical reagents; the reaction will continuously generate acid mist, ammonia gas and halogenated hydrocarbon toxic gas within 12-72 hours of continuous heating reaction. The All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard forms a fully enclosed negative pressure isolation space, all toxic gas generated in the long-term continuous reaction process is completely captured and discharged by the three-stage air guide plate system inside the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, and will not diffuse into the pharmaceutical workshop to cause poisoning risks to the workshop operators. The all-steel epoxy anti-corrosion coating of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can resist the long-term erosion of high-concentration halogenated solvent vapor, and the cabinet body will not corrode and leak gas after 10 years of continuous use in the pharmaceutical pilot workshop environment. If PP walk-in fume cupboard is selected in this scenario, the PP plastic plate will slowly swell and crack under the long-term erosion of halogenated hydrocarbon solvent vapor, the cabinet body will lose sealing performance within 3-5 years, and the equipment needs to be replaced as a whole, which greatly increases the laboratory's equipment procurement and replacement cost; while the service life of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in pharmaceutical synthesis environment can reach more than 15 years, and the later maintenance cost is only the local supplementary spraying of coating scratches, which has obvious long-term economic advantages.

The multi-layer adjustable steel support partition of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can classify and place auxiliary equipment such as tail gas absorption devices and constant temperature machines on different layers, the staff can walk into the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard to adjust the reaction temperature, feeding speed and vacuum distillation parameters of the large reaction kettle at close range, and the operation vision is completely unobstructed compared with the external operation of desktop fume hoods, effectively reducing the risk of material failure caused by parameter adjustment errors in drug synthesis amplification experiments. The intelligent wind speed alarm system of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard monitors the exhaust safety state in real time during the 72-hour continuous reaction; once the exhaust fan is abnormal or the air duct is blocked, the sound and light alarm will be triggered immediately, and the laboratory administrator can quickly troubleshoot the fault to avoid the leakage of a large amount of drug synthesis toxic gas caused by the failure of the exhaust system of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard.

3.2 Application of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in University Synthetic Chemistry Teaching and Research Laboratories

Comprehensive universities with chemistry, applied chemistry and material chemistry majors are equipped with independent synthetic chemistry research laboratories, which undertake undergraduate comprehensive chemical experiment teaching, postgraduate organic synthesis research and teacher scientific research project experiments. The laboratory often needs to carry out multi-group parallel large-volume organic synthesis experiments at the same time, and place multiple sets of 10L-50L reaction devices, rotary evaporators, vacuum drying ovens and sample purification chromatography equipment. The number of experimental operators in the teaching laboratory is large, and the experimental time is concentrated in the daytime teaching hours; if only desktop fume hoods are equipped, the number of fume hoods required will increase exponentially, occupying a large amount of laboratory construction area, and the laboratory construction cost will rise sharply. Equipping a certain number of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can concentrate multiple groups of parallel experimental equipment in one walk-in fume equipment, one All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can meet the simultaneous operation demand of 3-5 student experiment groups, greatly saving the laboratory indoor space and reducing the total procurement cost of ventilation equipment for the school laboratory.

In the undergraduate teaching experiment link, students have insufficient proficiency in chemical operation, and there are frequent accidents such as reagent splashing, tool collision and misoperation during the experiment. The all-steel impact-resistant cabinet wall and explosion-proof tempered glass window of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard form a multi-layer safety protection barrier for student operators; even if the glass reactor accidentally breaks and the corrosive reagent splashes on the cabinet wall, the epoxy anti-corrosion coating of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard will not be penetrated by the reagent, and the staff can quickly clean up the splashed reagent without causing permanent damage to the equipment. The embedded intelligent control panel of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard has simple and clear operation keys, and teachers can intuitively check the exhaust wind speed safety data of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard at any time during the student experiment, and timely remind students to standardize the operation height of the glass window to avoid toxic gas escape caused by improper operation of students.

In the postgraduate scientific research experiment stage, long-term continuous synthesis experiments involving strong oxidizing reagents such as potassium dichromate, fuming nitric acid and hydrogen peroxide are often carried out; the all-steel material of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard has excellent oxidation resistance, and will not be oxidized and discolored by long-term contact with oxidizing reagent vapor, while the PP plastic walk-in fume cupboard will be oxidized and brittle after contacting high-concentration oxidizing gas for a long time, and the service life will be sharply shortened. The built-in multi-group explosion-proof power sockets of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can supply power for multiple rotary evaporators, magnetic stirrers and heating reaction jackets at the same time, and the independent leakage protection circuit avoids the fire hazard caused by short circuit of multiple experimental equipment used by postgraduates at the same time. After the daily teaching and scientific research experiment is completed, the staff can close the glass window of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard and turn on the low-frequency energy-saving mode of the fan through the control panel, maintain a small negative pressure inside the cabinet to prevent the residual experimental gas from escaping overnight, and the energy consumption of the energy-saving mode of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is reduced by 40% compared with the full-power continuous operation mode, which meets the energy-saving management requirements of university laboratory equipment.

3.3 Application of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in New Energy Lithium Battery Electrolyte R&D Laboratories

The electrolyte research laboratory of new energy battery enterprises belongs to ultra-high-risk special laboratory scenarios, and the experimental process involves lithium hexafluorophosphate, fluoroborate, hydrofluoric acid and other highly corrosive, highly toxic fluorine-containing reagents, as well as flammable carbonate organic solvents such as dimethyl carbonate and ethylene carbonate. The laboratory needs to use large-volume sealed stirring reaction tanks for electrolyte proportioning experiments, and the reaction tanks are equipped with supporting gas supply pipelines, constant temperature cooling circulation systems and online sampling detection instruments, the overall volume of the complete set of equipment is large, and only the ultra-large internal space of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can accommodate the complete set of fluorine-containing electrolyte preparation equipment for closed operation.

The all-steel epoxy high-density anti-corrosion coating of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can resist the long-term erosion of low-concentration hydrofluoric acid mist generated in the electrolyte proportioning experiment; the factory carries out double spraying reinforcement treatment on the bottom bearing plate and the lower cabinet wall of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, which are most easily splashed by fluorine-containing reagents, and the anti-hydrofluoric acid corrosion performance of the reinforced coating is improved by more than twice compared with the conventional single-layer epoxy coating of low-cost all-steel walk-in equipment. The three-stage air guide plate system of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can quickly capture the heavy fluorine-containing acid mist that is easy to sink to the bottom of the cabinet, avoid the accumulation of hydrofluoric acid mist at the bottom of the cabinet to corrode the equipment and harm the staff, and the detachable all-steel air guide plate is convenient for regular cleaning of fluorine-containing reagent crystal dirt accumulated on the air guide slit, to prevent the dirt from blocking the air duct and reducing the exhaust efficiency of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard.

All electrical components inside the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, including lighting lamps, power sockets and control circuit boards, adopt full explosion-proof configuration, which can eliminate the hidden danger of flammable carbonate solvent vapor being ignited by electric sparks in the cabinet, and meet the explosion-proof safety standard of new energy battery laboratories. The intelligent wind speed interlock system of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is linked with the electrolyte feeding equipment; once the exhaust wind speed of the cabinet is lower than the safety threshold, the control system will automatically send a signal to cut off the feeding pump power supply of the fluorine-containing reagent, stop the release of toxic fluorine-containing gas, and fundamentally prevent the safety accident of a large amount of fluorine-containing toxic gas leakage caused by the failure of the exhaust system of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard. Although PP walk-in fume cupboard has strong acid resistance, its plastic material cannot reach the explosion-proof standard of flammable solvent laboratory, and the plastic cabinet body is easy to generate static electricity friction, which may ignite the flammable electrolyte vapor in the cabinet, so All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard is the only safe walk-in ventilation equipment choice for new energy electrolyte laboratories.

3.4 Other Core Application Scenarios of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard

In the environmental monitoring laboratory, the staff needs to carry out large-volume water sample digestion and heavy metal pretreatment experiments, using large microwave digestion instruments and graphite furnace atomic absorption supporting digestion tanks, the digestion process will generate a large amount of nitrogen oxide acid mist; the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can place multiple sets of large digestion instruments at the same time, and the all-steel anti-corrosion structure can resist the long-term erosion of nitrogen oxide acid mist generated by water sample digestion, ensuring the long-term stable operation of the environmental monitoring laboratory pretreatment link. In the food safety testing laboratory, pesticide residue extraction experiments need to use large-volume homogenizers and constant temperature extraction tanks, and a large amount of organic solvent volatile gas will be generated during the extraction process; the explosion-proof electrical configuration of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard avoids the fire risk of organic solvent vapor, and the easy-to-clean all-steel cabinet wall is convenient for cleaning food sample residues splashed during the extraction experiment, maintaining the sanitary standard of food testing laboratories. In the hospital pathology laboratory, large tissue fixation and decalcification experiments will use formaldehyde and formic acid reagents, the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can accommodate multiple sets of large tissue fixation boxes for centralized processing, the negative pressure exhaust system completely isolates the irritating formaldehyde gas, protecting the occupational health of pathology doctors for a long time. In the industrial chemical enterprise R&D workshop, the medium-scale amplification test of new chemical products needs to use tons of reaction equipment, the super load-bearing bottom plate of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard can stably place large reaction devices, and the integrated all-steel frame will not deform under long-term heavy load, maintaining the stable exhaust safety performance of the All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in the long-term industrial R&D production environment.

Chapter 5 Horizontal Comprehensive Comparative Analysis of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard and Other Material Walk-in Fume Equipment

In the laboratory equipment procurement market, walk-in fume equipment mainly has three mainstream material categories: All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard, PP Polypropylene Walk-in Fume Cupboard and 304 Stainless Steel Walk-in Fume Cabinet. Each material equipment has its own material attribute limitations and applicable scenarios, and this chapter will conduct a comprehensive horizontal comparison from structural performance, anti-corrosion range, service life, comprehensive procurement and maintenance cost, safety performance, load-bearing capacity, post-maintenance convenience and multi-scenario adaptability, and clearly sort out the overall comprehensive advantages of All-Steel Walk-in Fume Cupboard in most conventional laboratory scenarios.

Main Frame: 1.0-1.2mm steel plates.

Interior:Ceramic fiber/anti-bet board (optional).

Countertop:Ceramic/epoxy/physical-chemical board(optional).

Lighting: High-brightness LED.

Extras: VAV system, air/water taps with flow valves, PP sink.

Wide application range: The steel walk-in fume hood is widely used in university research laboratories, the R&D centers of various enterprises, and inspection institutions in the fields of chemical analysis and testing.

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